8. Define the essential properties of the following types of OS: (a)Batch, (b)Time Sharing, (c)Real Time, (d)Network, (e)Distributed, and (f)Handheld

a. Batch. Jobs with similar needs are batched together and run through the computer as a group by an operator or automatic job sequencer. Performance is increased by attempting to keep CPU and I/O devices busy at all times through buffering, off-line operation, spooling, and multiprogramming. Batch is good for executing large jobs that need little interaction; it can be submitted and picked up later.Answers to
b. Time sharing. Uses CPU scheduling and multiprogramming to provide economical interactive use of a system. The CPU switches rapidly from one user to another. Instead of having a job defined by spooled card images, each program reads its next control card from the terminal, and output is normally printed immediately to the screen.
c. Real time. Often used in a dedicated application. The system reads information from sensors and must respond within a fixed amount of time to ensure correct performance.
d. Network. networked systems consist of multiple computers that are networked together, usually with a common operating system and shared resources. Users, however, are aware of the different computers that make up the system.
e. Distributed. Distributes computation among several physical processors. The processors do not share memory or a clock. Instead, each processor has its own local memory. They communicate with each other through various communication lines,
such as a high-speed bus or telephone line.
d. Handheld. designed to provide an environm,ent in which a user easily interface with the computer to execute programs.